{"id":1543,"date":"2022-05-11T01:21:49","date_gmt":"2022-05-11T01:21:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/khomaudep.com\/tiemchung\/?p=1543"},"modified":"2022-07-25T10:24:23","modified_gmt":"2022-07-25T10:24:23","slug":"benh-bai-liet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/potec84.vn\/index.php\/benh-bai-liet\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ec7nh B\u1ea1i Li\u1ec7t"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh:<\/strong>
    \n1.1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ca b\u1ec7nh:<\/em>
    \n– Ca b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng: B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t (Poliomyelitis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m vi r\u00fat c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 do vi r\u00fat Polio (Poliovirus<\/em>) g\u00e2y n\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng li\u1ec7t m\u1ec1m c\u1ea5p (Acute Flaccid Paralysis: AFP). Vi r\u00fat Polio sau khi v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt vi r\u00fat Polio x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o s\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf n\u00e3o. Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng:
    \n+ Th\u1ec3 li\u1ec7t m\u1ec1m c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh: chi\u1ebfm 1% v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ed1t, ch\u00e1n \u0103n, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, \u0111au c\u01a1 c\u00e1c chi, g\u00e1y v\u00e0 l\u01b0ng, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn li\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 li\u1ec7t t\u1ed1i \u0111a l\u00e0 li\u1ec7t t\u1ee7y s\u1ed1ng, li\u1ec7t h\u00e0nh t\u1ee7y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong. Li\u1ec7t \u1edf chi, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng.
    \n+ Th\u1ec3 vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o v\u00f4 khu\u1ea9n: S\u1ed1t, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111au c\u01a1, c\u1ee9ng g\u00e1y.
    \n+ Th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9: S\u1ed1t, kh\u00f3 ng\u1ee7, nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, n\u00f4n, t\u00e1o b\u00f3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y.
    \n+ Th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p, song th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u1eb7ng.
    \n– Ca b\u1ec7nh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh:
    \n+ C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi r\u00fat Polio g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.
    \n+ Ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00fdp vi r\u00fat: Vi r\u00fat ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1eadn kh\u1ec9 ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ho\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00fdp vi r\u00fat b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng trung ho\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.
    \n1.2. Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t:<\/em>
    \n– Nhi\u1ec5m vi r\u00fat ECHO v\u00e0 Coxsackie v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o v\u00f4 khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng li\u1ec7t.
    \n– Vi r\u00fat EV7: C\u0103n nguy\u00ean ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ch\u00e2n – tay – mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 vi\u00eam n\u00e3o – m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o c\u0169ng g\u00e2y li\u1ec7t.
    \n– Ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng: Li\u1ec7t do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.
    \n– Li\u1ec7t do vi\u00eam d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t sau ti\u00eam b\u1eafp.
    \n– H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Guillain Barr\u00e9.
    \n1.3. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m:<\/em>
    \n– B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m: \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t Polio b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y trong v\u00f2ng 14 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh.
    \n– Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t ngh\u1ec7m:
    \n+ T\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1eadn kh\u1ec9 ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t (PMKC) l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nu\u00f4i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi r\u00fat. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o kh\u00e1c cho ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t l\u00e0 L20B v\u00e0 RD \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t.
    \n+ Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 trong b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong d\u00f2ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5, g\u00e2y h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o co tr\u00f2n l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh chai nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y. S\u1ebd g\u1eb7t t\u1ebf b\u00e0o khi tr\u00ean 50% t\u1ebf b\u00e0o b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i. Vi r\u00fat ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00fdp huy\u1ebft thanh b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p trung ho\u00e0 vi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nu\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng huy\u1ebft thanh m\u1eabu chu\u1ea9n. Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t Polio c\u00f3 3 t\u00fdp huy\u1ebft thanh: t\u00fdp I, t\u00fdp II v\u00e0 t\u00fdp III.
    \n2. T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh:<\/strong>
    \n– Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t Polio\u00a0(Poliovirus)<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t, thu\u1ed9c chi vi r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (Enterovirus<\/em>) thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd\u00a0Picornaviridae<\/em>. Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t Polio c\u00f3 3 t\u00fdp :
    \n+ T\u00fdp I\u00a0 : Gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh (90%) c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Brunhilde
    \n+ T\u00fdp II : c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Lansing
    \n+ T\u00fdp III: c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Leon
    \n– H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i: D\u01b0\u1edbi k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecf, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 27 nm bao g\u1ed3m 1 protein capsid c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng bao b\u1ecdc l\u1ea5y ARN c\u1ee7a vi r\u00fat, tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed 6,8 x 106 dalton .
    \n– Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a vi r\u00fat:
    \n+ Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t s\u1ed1ng dai \u1edf m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Trong ph\u00e2n, ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i ba th\u00e1ng \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 0 – 40<\/sup>C. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 2 tu\u1ea7n. + Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u00f4 hanh, b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 560<\/sup>C sau 30 ph\u00fat v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u1edfi thu\u1ed1c t\u00edm (KMnO4<\/sub>). Li\u1ec1u clo th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t.
    \n3. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5:<\/strong>
    \n– B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c: T\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eeb Na Uy, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1905 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950-1955. \u1ede M\u1ef9 ri\u00eang n\u0103m 1952 c\u00f3 21.269 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. T\u1eeb 1955-1960 khi c\u00f3 v\u1eafc xin b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 v\u1eafc xin s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em. T\u1ea1i Trung C\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1988 c\u00f3 2.342 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p; 1988 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n 225 ca b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t. T\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u Phi n\u0103m 1988 c\u00f3 4.564 ca m\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ebfn 2002 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n 214 ca m\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c1: \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u0103m 2003 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f3 1.600 ca b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t.
    \n– \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 v\u1eafc xin \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch l\u1edbn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1957-1959. T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1959 l\u00e0 126,4\/100.000 d\u00e2n, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1962 khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u1eafc xin b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c Sabin (OPV) th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch x\u1ea3y ra. Sau th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc 1975, ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ea7n 100% tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1ng v\u1eafc xin b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2000 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t n\u00e0o do vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t hoang d\u1ea1i g\u00e2y n\u00ean.
    \n4. Ngu\u1ed3n truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \"\"
    \n– \u1ed4 ch\u1ee9a: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u1ed5 ch\u1ee9a duy nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec5m vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t Polio th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em.
    \n– Ngu\u1ed3n truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh: L\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh mang vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t Polio. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t theo ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.
    \n– Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh: T\u1eeb 7-14 ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u li\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 3-35 ng\u00e0y.
    \n– Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n: Ch\u01b0a x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong th\u1eddi gian vi r\u00fat c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i. Sau khi x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp vi r\u00fat c\u00f3 trong d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebft h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng sau 36 gi\u1edd, trong ph\u00e2n sau 72 gi\u1edd; \u1edf trong ph\u00e2n vi r\u00fat th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 3-6 tu\u1ea7n hay l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb 7-10 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.
    \n5. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n:\u00a0<\/strong>L\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n – mi\u1ec7ng. Vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb ph\u00e2n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m r\u1ed3i v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m qua c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng trung gian.
    \n6. T\u00ednh c\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch:<\/strong>
    \n– T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5p \u1edf nh\u1eefng tu\u1ed5i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 d\u1ecbch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u1edf l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i tr\u00ean 15 tu\u1ed5i t\u0103ng l\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. L\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t hay th\u1ea5y \u1edf tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 3 tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a vi r\u00fat Polio. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn tr\u1ebb \u0111ang b\u00fa m\u1eb9 h\u00e3y c\u00f2n mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch do m\u1eb9 truy\u1ec1n sang n\u00ean n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m vi r\u00fat th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i di ch\u1ee9ng.
    \n– Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch t\u00fdp sau ph\u01a1i nhi\u1ec5m s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u1ec3 \u1ea9n. V\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea7n 2 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t t\u00fdp vi r\u00fat.
    \n– Tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 truy\u1ec1n qua. V\u1eafc xin b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang qui c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c thanh to\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.
    \n7. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch:<\/strong>
    \n7.1. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng:<\/em>
    \n* Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec7 sinh chung, v\u1ec7 sinh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. V\u00ec b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t do vi r\u00fat Polio th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t n\u00ean tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o v\u1ec7 sinh ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u1ec7 sinh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n, ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn trong \u0103n u\u1ed1ng. \u0102n u\u1ed1ng theo c\u00e1c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a v\u1ec7 sinh an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.
    \n* Ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng:
    \n– V\u1eafc xin s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c (OPV: Oral Polio Vaccine) c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eafc xin Sabin s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t hoang d\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eafc xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng u\u1ed1ng. V\u1eafc xin v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (IgA) v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 (IgG). V\u00ec v\u1eady, OPV kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi r\u00fat b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t hoang d\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n l\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi r\u00fat g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lan l\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. OPV trong khi t\u1ea1o ra mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1 th\u1ec3, c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0o th\u1ea3i ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u1eafc xin Sabin v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7ng vi r\u00fat hoang d\u1ea1i, n\u00ean sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i vi r\u00fat v\u1eafc xin Sabin c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c v\u1edbi t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ea7n kinh, g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t do v\u1eafc xin, song v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u li\u1ec1u v\u1eafc xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.
    \n– V\u1eafc xin b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t (IPV: Inactivated Polio Vaccine) c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eafc xin Salk, ch\u1ee7ng vi r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00ean t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1eadn kh\u1ec9 ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng formalin. V\u1eafc xin IPV t\u1ea1o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3 (IgG) ng\u0103n vi r\u00fat g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n kinh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. Mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 (IgA) ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o ra \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ecdng v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi r\u00fat hoang d\u1ea1i x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. V\u00ec v\u1eady, IPV c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u1eafc xin nh\u01b0ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang vi r\u00fat, th\u00e0nh ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c. IPV ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c thanh to\u00e1n b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0 v\u1eafc xin \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eam v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eaft n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy v\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eafc xin b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n cao. \u1ede giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau khi \u0111\u00e3 thanh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, IPV \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.
    \n7.2. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng d\u1ecbch:<\/em>
    \n* T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o
    \n– Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m: T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao v\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh: Tr\u1ea1m y t\u1ebf, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n khu v\u1ef1c, nh\u00e0 tr\u1ebb, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103m kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u1ec7t m\u1ec1m c\u1ea5p nghi ng\u1edd.
    \n– Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0nh mang m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh:
    \n+ B\u00e1o c\u00e1o theo m\u1eabu (b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t c\u00f3 m\u1eabu ri\u00eang)
    \n+ L\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m: \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee7 2 m\u1eabu ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch 24 – 48 gi\u1edd b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n l\u1ea1nh 4 – 80<\/sup>C g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m chu\u1ea9n Qu\u1ed1c gia.
    \n– Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00fdp huy\u1ebft thanh h\u1ecdc, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u di truy\u1ec1n. Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.
    \n– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 theo tuy\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ed1c gia; t\u1eeb Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.
    \n* T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thu dung b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng:
    \n– Khi x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecbch, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c nghi ng\u1edd m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh (khoa l\u00e2y v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng c\u00e1ch ly) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i.
    \n– X\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecbch, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n n\u01a1i thu dung \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf chloramin B, formalin, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t oxy ho\u00e1, v\u00f4i b\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, ch\u0103n m\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng sinh ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea5p kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao c\u00f3 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c.
    \n7.3. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb:<\/em>
    \n* B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5m do vi r\u00fat n\u00ean ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:
    \n– B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.
    \n– T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng sinh t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n.
    \n– H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7t t\u1ee7y
    \n– \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ed9i nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.
    \n– Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c di ch\u1ee9ng (r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng sau khi lui b\u1ec7nh)
    \n* B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac:
    \n– Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec7 sinh chung, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, an to\u00e0n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m.
    \n– U\u1ed1ng v\u1eafc xin OPV d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

    Ngo\u00e0i v\u1eafc xin OPV, IPV trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eafc xin ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 trong v\u1eafc xin 6 trong 1 (Infanrix hexa v\u00e0 Hexaxim) v\u00e0 4 trong 1 (Tetraxim)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh: 1.1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ca b\u1ec7nh: – Ca b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng: B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t (Poliomyelitis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m vi r\u00fat c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 do vi r\u00fat Polio (Poliovirus) g\u00e2y n\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch. B\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft qua bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i […]\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":1544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[73],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\r\nB\u1ec7nh B\u1ea1i Li\u1ec7t - Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng Potec84 Tr\u00e0 Vinh<\/title>\r\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\r\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/potec84.vn\/index.php\/benh-bai-liet\/\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"vi_VN\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"B\u1ec7nh B\u1ea1i Li\u1ec7t - Ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng Potec84 Tr\u00e0 Vinh\" \/>\r\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"  \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh: 1.1. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ca b\u1ec7nh: – Ca b\u1ec7nh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng: B\u1ec7nh b\u1ea1i li\u1ec7t (Poliomyelitis) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m vi r\u00fat c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau ho\u00e1 do vi r\u00fat Polio (Poliovirus) g\u00e2y n\u00ean, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lan truy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch. 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